热油泵用双端面波纹管机械密封的设计
摘 要
热油泵是化工行业常用的装置，是一种高温装置，高温条件下的机械密封是机械密封中的难点和重点。本文将针对具体的工况条件，即高温高压，介质高粘度，选用双端面波纹管机械密封作为热油泵机械密封。本文设计的双端面波纹管是由两个单端面波纹管背对背布置而成的，设计过程主要包括参数计算和结构设计。介质侧和大气侧参数计算中，分别进行了几何参数计算、力学分析和性能参数分析。结构设计中，选用动环为补偿环，静环为非补偿环，分别对其进行尺寸结构的设计；静环处设计有辅助密封圈；弹性元件为波纹管，根据经验公式对其进行结构参数计算和尺寸设计。应对高温条件，设计有辅助系统，根据API682标准选用方案23，起到冲洗冷却的效果。
本文对于高温热油泵机械密封的设计具有一定的参考意义。
关键词：高温热油泵；双端面密封；波纹管密封；机械密封
Abstract
Heat pump is appliances commonly used in the chemical industry, which is a high-temperature device, and high temperature conditions of mechanical seal is difficult and important in the mechanical seal. Design of double-bellows mechanical seals is composed of two single face corrugated pipes back to back arrangement , and design consists primarily of parameter calculation and structure design. Parameter calculation in the media side and air side , respectively for geometrical parameter calculation and mechanical analysis and analysis of performance parameters. In structural design, select primary rings for the compensation ring, mating ring for the non-compensated ring, and separately design size structure ; mating ring is designed with secondary sealing rings ; elastic elements are the bellows, which is based on the empirical formula for the calculation of structure parameters and dimensions. Dealing with high temperature conditions, design systems , selected according to the API682 standard programme 23, flushing a cooling effect.
This article for the design of high-temperature heat pump mechanical seal has some significance.
Key words: high-temperature heat pump; double seal; bellows seal; mechanical seal
目 录
第一章 绪论 ................................................................................................................................... 1
第二章 基本结构确定................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 热油泵工况参数............................................................................................................... 2
2.2 密封分类........................................................................................................................... 2
2.3 密封结构确定................................................................................................................... 2
2.4 介质物性参数................................................................................................................... 3
2.5 双端面波纹管机械密封结构简图................................................................................... 3
第三章 介质侧密封设计............................................................................................................... 4
3.1 密封材料确定................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 密封端面设计................................................................................................................... 5
3.2.1 密封端面副结构..................................................................................................... 5
3.2.2 密封环主要尺寸..................................................................................................... 5
3.3 力学分析........................................................................................................................... 7
3.4 性能参数分析................................................................................................................... 8
3.4.1 pv值.......................................................................................................................... 9
3.4.2 摩擦系数f................................................................................................................ 9
3.4.3 磨损量..................................................................................................................... 9
3.4.4 使用寿命............................................................................................................... 10
3.4.5 泄漏量Q................................................................................................................ 10
3.4.6 摩擦功率消耗....................................................................................................... 11
3.4.7 摩擦热与循环（冲洗）量Qx............................................................................... 11
3.5 补偿环设计..................................................................................................................... 12
3.5.1 动环结构型式....................................................................................................... 12
3.5.2 补偿环设计原则................................................................................................... 12
3.5.3 动环尺寸............................................................................................................... 12
3.6 非补偿环设计................................................................................................................. 13
3.6.1 静环结构型式....................................................................................................... 13
3.6.2 非补偿环设计原则............................................................................................... 13
3.6.3 静环尺寸............................................................................................................... 14
3.7 辅助密封圈设计............................................................................................................. 14
3.7.1 静环辅助密封圈材料........................................................................................... 15
3.7.2 辅助密封圈的结构设计....................................................................................... 15
3.8 弹性元件设计（波纹管）............................................................................................. 16
3.8.1 波纹管密封特点................................................................................................... 16
3.8.2 波纹管结构尺寸................................................................................................... 16
3.8.3 波纹管计算........................................................................................................... 17
3.9 动环传动和静环支撑方式............................................................................................. 19
3.9.1 动环传动方式....................................................................................................... 19
3.9.2 静环支撑方式....................................................................................................... 19
第四章 大气侧密封设计............................................................................................................. 20
4.1 密封材料确定................................................................................................................. 20
4.2 密封端面设计................................................................................................................. 20
4.2.1 密封端面副结构................................................................................................... 20
4.2.2 密封环主要尺寸................................................................................................... 20
4.3 力学分析......................................................................................................................... 22
4.4 性能参数化..................................................................................................................... 23
4.4.1 pv值........................................................................................................................ 23
4.4.2 摩擦系数f.............................................................................................................. 24
4.4.3 磨损量................................................................................................................... 24
4.4.4 使用寿命............................................................................................................... 25
4.4.5 泄漏量Q................................................................................................................ 25
4.4.6 摩擦功率消耗....................................................................................................... 25
4.4.7 摩擦热与循环（冲洗）量Qx............................................................................... 26
4.5 补偿环设计..................................................................................................................... 27
4.5.1 动环结构型式....................................................................................................... 27
4.5.2 补偿环设计原则................................................................................................... 27
4.5.3 动环尺寸............................................................................................................... 27
4.6 非补偿环设计................................................................................................................. 27
4.6.1 静环结构型式....................................................................................................... 28
4.6.2 静环尺寸............................................................................................................... 28
4.7 辅助密封圈设计............................................................................................................. 28
4.7.1 静环辅助密封圈材料........................................................................................... 28
4.7.2 辅助密封圈的结构设计....................................................................................... 29
4.8 弹性元件设计（波纹管）............................................................................................. 29
4.8.1 波纹管结构尺寸................................................................................................... 29
4.8.2 波纹管计算........................................................................................................... 30
第五章 辅助系统......................................................................................................................... 32
5.1 采用辅助系统的理由..................................................................................................... 32
5.2 冲洗系统......................................................................................................................... 32
第六章 结论与展望..................................................................................................................... 34
符号表 ........................................................................................................................................... 35
参考文献....................................................................................................................................... 36
致 谢 ........................................................................................................................................... 37
参考文献
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