基于 PLC 的车辆出入库管理控制系统设计
摘要：随着科学技术的持续提升以及工业 4.0 的持续推进，仓储行业内已经发生了翻天覆地的变化。智能仓储、
物流自动分拣流水线、智能搬运小车等等都推进了仓储业的发展，而这些系统往往在大数据运用的前提下，智能控
制的系统就经常被应用，在用于工业控制的诸多控制器当中，PLC 是非常受欢迎的一种控制器，其现在被大量的应
用于各类智能系统当中。本设计以 PLC 可编程序逻辑控制器为控制手段，通过对仓储行业工作的分析，通过编写逻
辑控制程序设计了一种针对车辆自动出入库管理的 PLC 系统。
本次设计首先根据仓储工人在车辆进出仓库上的工作流程进行分析，设计了一种通过光电开关作为检测车辆目
标、运用识别码进行车辆认证、通过检测传感器的动作顺序区别车辆入库和出库的操作，在此基础上运用数据库，
将车辆进出仓库的相关信息传送至数据库并进行保存整理，从而实现车辆进出库的智能分析，并对车辆信息以及仓
库储量变化进行记录。
本次设计在硬件方面采用 S7-200 西门子 PLC 作为控制单元，通过 LED 显示板作为数据输出的载体，给操作者
以直观的标识。在软件编程方面采用 STEP7-MicroWIN 对程序进行编写，并对程序进行修改使其不断完善，让系统
达到最佳效果。
关键词：车辆出入库管理系统 PLC 编程仿真 智能仓储
Design of PLC Vehicle Entry and Exit Management Control
System
Abstract:With the continuous progress of our scientific and technological level, the Advancement of industry 4.0, in the
storage industry has undergone earth-shaking changes. Intelligent warehousing, logistics automatic sorting pipelines, smart
moving cars, etc. have promoted the development of the storage industry. These systems often use intelligent control methods
under the premise of big data use, and PLC is the mainstream controller of industrial control. It is widely used in more
intelligent systems. This design takes PLC programmable logic controller as the control method, through the analysis of the
warehouse industry's work, through the programming logic control program design for the vehicle automatic exit library
management PLC system.
This design is based on the warehouse worker's work flow in and out of the warehouse. This paper designs a kind of
operation that uses a photoelectric switch as a vehicle target, uses an identification code to verify the vehicle, and
distinguishes the vehicle into and out of the library by detecting the sequence of the sensor's actions. On this basis, the
database is used. The relevant information of vehicles entering and leaving the warehouse is transmitted to the database for
preservation, so as to realize the intelligent analysis of vehicles entering and leaving the library, and to record the changes of
vehicle information and warehouse reserves.
This design uses S7-200 Siemens PLC as the control unit in hardware, and the LED display board as the carrier of data
output, giving the operator an intuitive identification. In terms of software programming, STEP7-MicroWIN SMART is used
to write the program, and the written program is simulated. On the basis of multiple simulation simulations, the program is
modified regardless of perfection, so that the system achieves the best results.
Keywords: Vehicle Outbound Library Management System PLC Programming Simulation Intelligent Storage
目录
一、绪论.......................................................................................................................1
1.1 车辆出入库系统课题的背景及意义.................................................................1
1.2 车辆出入库国内外发展现状.............................................................................1
1.3 车辆出入库系统课题研究的内容......................................................................2
二、车辆出入库系统的总体设计..................................................................2
2.1 车辆出入库管理系统的控制要求......................................................................2
2.2 车辆出入库系统整体方案设计思路.................................................................3
三、控制系统硬件的选择及控制方式.......................................................4
3.1 硬件选型.............................................................................................................4
3.1.1 PLC 选型..................................................................................................4
3.1.2 传感器的选型..........................................................................................4
3.1.3 继电器的选型..........................................................................................8
3.1.4 接触器的选型..........................................................................................9
3.1.5 电动机的选型........................................................................................10
3．2 控制方式的确定.............................................................................................12
3.2.1 车辆入库控制方式的确定.....................................................................12
3.2.2 车辆出库控制方式的确定....................................................................12
3.2.3 车辆信息显示方式的确定....................................................................13
3.3 环境要求............................................................................................................13
四、车辆出入库系统 PLC 程序的编写...................................................13
4.1 程序软件介绍...................................................................................................13
4.2 配置 I/O 表........................................................................................................14
4.3 程序编写...........................................................................................................15
4.3.1 程序梯形图............................................................................................16
4.3.2 程序指令表............................................................................................20
4.3.3 PLC 外部接线图....................................................................................21
五、总结与展望.....................................................................................................23
总结 ...............................................................................................................................23
小结 ...............................................................................................................................23
致谢 ...............................................................................................................................24
参考文献.....................................................................................................................25
参考文献
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