Z30130X31型钻床控制系统的PLC改造 摘 要:Z30130X31型摇臂钻床属于大型立式钻床，其传统的控制方式是利用继电器接触器原理控制。由于利用继电器接触器控制系统比较复杂，难于操作；因此本次设计是将其改造成为利用PLC控制，这样既可以提高生产效率，也可以增加其使用寿命。
首先通过对钻床工作原理的了解，然后对PLC的硬件和软件进行设计。根据钻床的工作要求选择合理的工作器件如：继电器，接触器等等，然后编写相应的程序语句表并绘制梯形图，再根据输入输出点数选择PLC型号，输入点数：22输出点数：17，所以本次设计选择FX2N-48MR型PLC并绘制硬件接线图；最后对程序进行模拟调试。
关键词：PLC；电动机；行程开关；断路器；控制按钮；控制开关；工作指示灯。
目 录
一、前言······································································21
二、PLC的发展与介绍··························································22
（一） PLC 的定义··························································22
（二） PLC的特点··························································22
（三）PLC的工作原理·······················································24
（四）PLC的发展史·························································24
三、钻床的机械及运动形式·····················································25
（一）钻床的特点···························································25
（二）液压系统的主要特点···················································25
四、机床的主要参数···························································26
五、继电器接触器控制原理·····················································26
(一)控制线路特点与电气线路概述···········································26
(二)控制原理分析及分立控制线路···········································28
六、PLC控制系统的硬件设计···················································32
(一) 可编程控制器······················································32
（二） 电动机的选型······················································38
（三） 中间继电器的选型··················································40
（四） 万能转换开关的选型················································40
(五) 接触器的选择······················································41
（六） 热继电器的选用····················································44
（七） 自动空气断路的选型················································45
（八） 导线的选型························································47
（九） 电磁铁的选型······················································47
（十） 按钮的选型························································47
（十一）位置开关的选型····················································48
（十二）变压器的选型······················································48
（十三）电气元件布置图的绘制··············································52
（十四）电气接线图的绘制 ·················································52
（十五）机床电气控制系统的工艺设计········································53
（十六）三菱PLC指令系统··················································53
七、 PLC控制系统软件设计·····················································54
(一) 输入地址分配··························································54
(二) 输出地址分配··························································55
（三） 接线图································································56 （四） 程序语句表····························································57
八、程序模拟运行调试·························································59
九、附录·····································································61
十、总结·····································································61
十一、参考文献································································63
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