基于PLC的公园景观池排水控制系统设计
摘要：如今这个社会的发展速度如此之快，PLC可编程逻辑控制器技术逐渐进入到我们的生活当中，它是适用于工业环境，拥有强大的抗干扰能力和适应能力的数字运算操作系统。受人们追捧的原因是因为其使用方便而且编程简易。为了达到人们所预想的结果，简单直观的使用感受是必不可少的。该系统为公园景观池自动排水控制系统，在大多数公园里，景观池成了这里面的标配。景观池就好比一个公园的门面担当，但是，美好的事物往往也会给人带来困扰。现在全球的气候处于极端状态，天气变化多端，每当遇到大暴雨是，景观池中的水成了难题，雨水的累积影响公园的美观，这就要用到这套自动排水系统了。系统需要对景观池中的水位控制有个好的把握。使用PLC控制这套系统，将适当数量的排水泵列为考虑的因素，这是比较合理的。较高的运行效率、较低的故障率、合理地运用资源。实现可持续发展的目标。
本课题的控制系统采用的是S7-200编程器为主机，此编程器是由西门子公司制造的。整个设计首先介绍了PLC的相关知识。接着对系统进行合理分析，选出合理的硬件设备。再根据操作流程，设计出整个运行方案，并通过软件绘制了顺序功能图，从而进一步绘制了自动排水控制系统程序梯形图。
关键词：公园景观池排水泵；西门子S7-200软件；梯形图;可编程控制器(PLC)
The Design of Automatic Drainage System of
park based on PLC
Abstract: now the development of the society is so fast, PLC programmable logic controller technology gradually into our life, it is suitable for the industrial environment, has a strong anti-interference ability and adaptability of the digital operation system. It's popular because it's easy to use and easy to program. In order to achieve the expected results, simple and intuitive feeling is essential. The system is an automatic drainage control system for the park landscape pool, which is the standard in most parks. Landscape pool is like the facade of a park, but beautiful things often bring people trouble. At present, the global climate is in an extreme state, and the weather is changeable. Whenever there is a heavy rainstorm, the water in the landscape pool becomes a problem, and the accumulation of rainwater affects the aesthetics of the park, which requires the use of this automatic drainage system. The system needs to have a good grasp of the water level control in the landscape pool. PLC control of the system, the appropriate number of drainage pumps as a factor of consideration, this is more reasonable. High operating efficiency, low failure rate, reasonable use of resources. Achieve the goal of sustainable development.
The control system of this subject adopts s7-200 programmer as the host, which is manufactured by Siemens.
The whole design first introduced the PLC related knowledge. Then carry on the reasonable analysis to the system, selects the reasonable hardware equipment. Then according to the operation process, the whole operation scheme is designed, and the sequence function diagram is drawn by the software, thus the program ladder diagram of the automatic drainage control system is further drawn.
Keywords: park landscape pool drainage pump; Siemens s7-200 software; Ladder diagram; Programmable logic controller (PLC)
目 录
第一章 绪论...............................................................................................................1
1.1 研究背景.....................................................................................................1
1.2 PLC的发展情况...........................................................................................2
1.2.1 PLC的由来和发展.................................................................................2
1.2.2 PLC在今天的形势.................................................................................2
第二章 排水控制系统方案设计.................................................................................3
2.1系统总体设计................................................................................................3
2.2 排水系统的控制要求...................................................................................3
2.3系统组成部分................................................................................................4
第三章 控制系统的硬件设计...................................................................................6
3.1系统控制器的选择........................................................................................6
3.2系统主电路图................................................................................................7
3.3 端子接线图...................................................................................................9
3.4 配置I/O分配表..........................................................................................10
3.5 PLC各个模块的选择...................................................................................11
3.5.1 CPU224..............................................................................................11
3.5.2 模拟量模块......................................................................................11
3.5.3 开关量模块......................................................................................12
3.6定时器的选择...............................................................................................12
3.7变频器的选择...............................................................................................13
3.8 水泵连接器..................................................................................................14
3.9综合保护器...................................................................................................14
第四章 控制系统的软件设计....................................................................................15
4.1软件通讯设计...............................................................................................15
4.2排水装置相互转换工作...............................................................................15
4.3排水装置保护设计.......................................................................................17
4.3.1 排水泵电机的保护..........................................................................17
4.3.2排水泵开关的保护...........................................................................17
4.4 水位监测技术..............................................................................................17
第五章 系统调试与运行............................................................................................18
5.1硬件调试.......................................................................................................18
5.2人机交互界面...............................................................................................18
5.3系统仿真.......................................................................................................20
第六章 设计总结......................................................................................................24
6.1 结束语..........................................................................................................24
6.2 参考文献......................................................................................................25
6.3 附录..............................................................................................................26
6.3.1程序清单...................................................................................................26
6.3.2程序结构说明...........................................................................................30
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究意义
本课题的思路来源是公园景观池中的水因无法流通下雨时很容易累积雨水，当池中的水到一定程度的时候，需要借助排水系统将水排放出去。从而借助自动排水这一控制系统。当池中的水因下雨天积累过多时，系统自行启动并开始排水，当排出的水达到一定量的时候，系统又将自动关闭；这就避免人工抽水所带来的麻烦，从而使景观池中的水保持稳定。当排水的泵发生故障时，此控制系统的能够自动发出报警并自动启用备用的排水泵。景观池因天气变化水量也会变得不稳定，所以更加应该使用这套排水系统。
现如今，随着全球气候变暖，因此引发得降水也越来越多，这导致公园中的景观池出现水过多的景象，影响公园的整体美观，所以我觉得有必要完善这套自动排水系统。我运用了PLC编程进行控制，到现在，我国的自动排水系统愈发地智能化，我国目前大部分生产商都是以小型集成电路或者单片机为基础生产的产品，成本高而且麻烦，不容易做系统维护。所以我觉得，今后在公园中是时候出现一种能自动控制且价格实惠的排水系统了。我相信，这套排水系统有着广阔的发展前景和巨大的应用价值.
