基于ZigBee无线传感技术多传感器粮仓监测数据采集系统的设计
摘要：民以食为天，粮是人民经济的基础，粮食的放置和管理一直都是企业及管理者重视的问题之一，粮食放置不妥当会导致霉变和虫害问题，因此，关于粮食在粮仓被安置在什么样的粮仓环境中就要控制的非常严格。随着当代传感技术、计算机技术的飞快发展，监测粮仓的看管人员可以通过电子设备跟传感器对粮食保存的环境进行监测，然后根据监测的有关数据进行控制，以保证粮食能够完好的保存。
本课题最初对仓库进行了技术监控，并且利用无线数据传输系统进行分析，关于粮仓的温湿度数据的监测进行了研究。此次项目采用的是ZigBee无线传感技术，经过对粮仓的测试点设置温度和识读的数据采集器来测粮仓的温湿度，并且我们通过无线数据的传输技术把采集来的数据上传给数据集中器，数据集中器再通过RS485接口上传数据到PC机。对于硬件的设计我将会采用SHT11温湿度一体的传感器来采集温度和湿度的数据参数，使用 MSP430FE427型号的单片机来控制。
在粮仓环境中温度和湿度没有达到保存粮食的标准的时候，下位机将会接收到上位机发送的指令，并且会驱动通风设备作业。在本文中会有系统的硬件部分的电路设计和详细的叙述，软件部分也有开发和设计，对于温湿度采集程序也有详细的阐述，并且在实验室的条件下尽心了即使和功能的测试和评估。
通过本次课程的研究，这个系统设计将对粮仓的温湿度有很有效的检测和控制。无线传感器网络技术的广泛应用使这个系统有了一定的扩展性，并且有较好的应用前景。
关键词：粮仓监测；温湿度传感器；单片机；RS485通信
Design of Multi-Sensor Data Acquisition System
Abstract: Food is the foundation of the people's economy for the placement and management of food has always been one of enterprises and managers attach importance to the problem of food placed wrong can cause mildew and insect pest problems, therefore, about the food in the granary are placed in what kind of granary environment control is very strict. With the rapid development of modern sensor technology, computer technology, the monitoring of supervision personnel can through the electronic equipment to monitor the quality of food preservation environment with sensor, and then based on the related data of monitoring control, to ensure the food can be preserved.
wireless data transmission system is analyzed, on the granary of the temperature and humidity data monitoring is studied. This project USES the ZigBee wireless sensor technology, through to the test point set the temperature of the granary and read the granary of the temperature and humidity data collector to test, and we through wireless data transmission technology on the collected data to the data concentrator, data concentrator and then upload the data to the PC via RS485 interface. I will use for the design of the hardware of SHT11 temperature and humidity sensors to collect data of temperature and humidity parameter, use MSP430FE427 models of single chip microcomputer to control.
Temperature and humidity in the granary environment not reached the standard of preserved food, a machine will receive send instructions to the upper machine, and will drive ventilation equipment operation. In this article there will be a part of hardware circuit design and the detailed narration, software part also has the development and design, for temperature and humidity collection procedures is detailed elaboration, and under the condition of laboratory with the even and function test and evaluation.
Through the study of this course, the system design to the granary detection and control of temperature and humidity is very effective. The wide application of wireless sensor network technology makes the system have certain extensibility, and has good application prospect.
Keywords: Granary monitoring,Temperature and humidity sensor,Single chip microcomputer,RS485 communication
目录
1、绪论 3
1.1项目背景 3
1.2项目技术研究现状 3
1.3无线数据传输系统及技术 4
1.4项目研究内容 5
2、无线传感器网络总体设计 6
2.1系统总体设计思想 6
2.2 总体结构、功能 6
2.2.1 总体结构设计 6
2.2.2 总体功能指标及需求 7
2.3 系统通信方式选择 8
2.4 本章小结 9
3、基于无线传感网的粮仓监测系统硬件电路设计 10
3.1系统硬件电路总体框架 10
3.2传感器采集电路 12
3.2.1 温湿度传感器的选择 12
3.2.2 温湿度传感器电路设计 13
3.3 上位机接口电路设计 15
3.4 系统电源电路设计 17
4、监控系统软件设计 18
4.1 软件总体设计 18
4.2单片机初始化程序设计 18
4.3温湿度采集软件设计 19
4.4 无线传输程序设计 20
5、 系统测试与评估 24
5.1 系统测试 24
5.2 系统评估 25
5.3 本章小结 26
结论与致谢 27
参考文献 30
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