基于51 单片机智能家居室内火警告警系统
摘要： 本设计是基于物联网技术的家庭室内的火警告警系统，是基于单片机而设计的。该系统对家庭最易着火的厨
房环境进行实时监测，并在本地实时显示监测到的数据，当发现火灾或有毒气体超标及时发出声光告警信息。本监
控系统主要功能是通过采用 MQ-7 烟雾传感器、DHT11 温湿度传感器等设备来对使用厨房及其周围环境过程中的温
度湿度和烟雾空气浓度等变化情况予以进行监控，并将数据显示在液晶屏上。软件设计编写程序使用 Keil uVision 4，
包含温湿度烟雾模块读取数据，A/D 转换与液晶显示。DHT11 传感器可以将厨房空气中的温湿度直接传给单片机，
MQ-7 传感器放置在易着火处，MQ-7 传感器将采集的数据 A/D 转化后传输到单片机上，单片机再对这些数据进行相
应的分析和处理然后将其显示。如果采集得到空气中温湿度、烟雾浓度已经超出了预先设置的阈值,则通过声光报警
提醒家庭人员。
关键词：51 单片机； MQ-7；ADC0832 ；DHT11
Indoor Fire Alarm System Based on Smart Home Technology
Abstract： This design is based on the Internet of Things technology of home indoor fire alarm system, which is based on
the MCU and design. The kitchen environment of the home is the most vulnerable to fire for real-time monitoring, and
real-time display of local monitoring data, when the fire or toxic gas exceed the standard to send out sound and light alarm
information in time. The main function of the monitoring system is to use the MQ-7 smoke sensor, DHT11 temperature and
humidity sensor and other equipment to use the kitchen and its surrounding environment in the process of temperature and
humidity and smoke air concentration changes are monitored, and the data real-time display on the LCD screen. Software design and programming using Keil Uvision 4 software, including temperature and humidity module to read data, A/D
conversion and liquid crystal display. The DHT11 sensor directly transmits the temperature and humidity data in the air of
the kitchen to the microcontroller, and the MQ-7 sensor is placed in the fire-prone place. The MQ-7 sensor converts the
collected data into A/D and transmits it to the microcontroller, which then conducts corresponding analysis and processing
on the data and displays it. If the temperature and humidity in the air and the concentration of smoke have exceeded the preset threshold, the sound and light alarm will be used to remind the family members. Keywords：51 Single chip microcomputer; MQ-7; ADC0832; DHT11
目录
第一章 绪论......................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 论文选题背景和意义........................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 国内外研究现状.................................................................................................................................1
1.3 课题研究的内容..................................................................................................................................2
第二章 系统总体设计方案............................................................................................................................. 4
2.1 方案介绍.............................................................................................................................................4
2.2 方案选择.............................................................................................................................................5
第三章 硬件系统的方案设计......................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 单片机模块.........................................................................................................................................7
3.1.1 单片机选型介绍...................................................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 单片机电路设计...................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 烟雾传感器模块.................................................................................................................................9
3.2.1 烟雾传感器选型介绍.............................................................................................................. 9
3.2.2 模数转化的选型及介绍........................................................................................................ 10
3.2.3 烟雾传感器电路设计............................................................................................................ 12
3.3 温湿度传感器模块........................................................................................................................... 12
3.3.1 温湿度传感器的选型及介绍................................................................................................ 12
3.3.2 温湿度传感器电路设计........................................................................................................ 15
3.4 火焰传感器模块............................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.1 火焰传感器模块的选型及介绍............................................................................................ 15
3.4.2 火焰传感器模块电路设计.................................................................................................... 16
3.5 显示模块............................................................................................................................................17
3.5.1 显示模块的选型及介绍........................................................................................................ 17
3.5.2 显示模块电路设计................................................................................................................ 19
3.6 报警模块............................................................................................................................................19
3.6.1 报警模块的用途.................................................................................................................... 19
3.6.2 报警电路设计........................................................................................................................ 19
第四章 软件系统设计....................................................................................................................................21
4.1 程序流程图设计说明....................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 各功能模块程序设计....................................................................................................................... 22
4.2.1 烟雾控制子程序.................................................................................................................... 22
4.2.2 温湿度控制子程序................................................................................................................ 23
4.2.3 显示控制子程序.................................................................................................................... 24
第五章 系统调试与分析............................................................................................................................... 25
5.1 硬件调试............................................................................................................................................25
5.2 软件调试............................................................................................................................................25
5.3 软硬件联合调试............................................................................................................................... 25
第六章 总结....................................................................................................................................................27
致谢..................................................................................................................................................................28
参考文献..........................................................................................................................................................29
附录..................................................................................................................................................................30
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