二维码解码算法研究与实现

二维码解码算法研究与实现

二维码解码算法研究与实现

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  • 更新时间2024年
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二维码解码算法研究与实现

二维码解码算法研究与实现
摘要
随着二维码的日益普及,二维码的应用正在迅速扩大,条码及条码技术逐渐渗透到人们的生活中,把人们从繁琐和重复的工作中全面解脱出来,本文试从二维码的起源、解码原理、技术标准、阐述二维码技术的发展及应用。
二维码是指在平面二维方向上,使用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律分布的黑白相间的,用以记录信息的符号。在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”、“1”比特流的概念,使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息,通过图象输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读以实现信息自动处理:它具有条码技术的一些共性:每种码制有其特定的字符集;每个字符占有一定的宽度;具有一定的校验功能等。同时还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能、及处理图形旋转变化等特点。
 二维码主要分为两大类:一是堆叠式是二维码,其主要代表是pdf417;二是矩阵式二维码,主要包括QR码和Data Matrix码。在现代商业活动中,二维码以其低成本、快速识读、含有大量信息而广泛应用于各个行业,如:产品防伪/溯源、广告推送、网站链接、数据下载、商品交易、定位/导航、电子凭证、车辆管理、信息传递、名片交流、wifi共享等,人们通过手机二维码的扫描软件就可以轻松获得二维码中所储藏的信息。
 对QR码进行识别需要使用采集设备采集的图像,但图像的采集过程中由于受到各种因素(如光照不均匀、拍摄角度、二维码有褶皱等)的影响,可能导致二维码图像背景有各种噪声,收到的图像可能存在几何畸变或者图像有阴影,从而导致识读设备很难识读,给解码带来相当大的困难。因此,如何对收集到的图像进行适当的去噪和校正已成为二维码识别的关键问题[1]。
本课题研究的是二维码的生成与识别。在二维码系统中包含有两部分:二维码的生成系统和二维码的识别系统。生成系统完成了从输入数据到生成相应二维码的功能,识别系统完成对采集到的二维码符号进行译码还原出所携带信息的功能。文章最后还检测了整个设计系统,并且对二维码的安全使用提出建议。
关键词:二维码;解码原理;技术标准;应用;二维码的识别
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Abstract
With the increasing popularity of the two-dimensional code, two-dimensional code applications is expanding rapidly, bar code and bar code technology gradually penetrated into people's lives, the people from the tedious and repetitive work completely free, this article tries from the origin of two-dimensional code, decoding principle, technical standard and explanation of the two-dimensional code technology development and application.
Two dimensional code is a kind of black and white, which is used to record the information of the information in the two-dimensional direction. The concept in the compiled code skillfully using a computer-based internal logic "0" and "1" bit stream, the use of several geometry corresponding to the binary to represent the text value of information, through the image input device or optical scan equipment automatic recognition to achieve automatic information processing: it has some common characteristics of the bar code technology: each code system has its specific character set; each character occupies a certain width; with certain check function. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of automatic recognition of non peer information, and the processing of graphics rotation changes.
Two dimensional code is mainly divided into two categories: one is stacked two-dimensional code, its main representative is PDF417; two is a matrix two-dimensional code, including QR code and Matrix Data code. In modern commercial activities, two-dimensional code to its low cost, fast reading, containing a large amount of information is widely used in various industries, such as: security products / traceability, advertising push, Web links, data download, commodity trading, positioning / navigation, electronic certificate, vehicle management, information transfer, exchange business cards, WiFi sharing, people through the handset two-dimensional code scanning software can easily obtain the two-dimensional code stored information.
The QR code recognition requires the use of image acquisition equipment acquisition, but image acquisition process due to various factors (such as uneven illumination, shooting angle, two-dimensional code folds) effects that may lead to the two-dimensional code image background noise, the received image may geometric distortion or image exists in the shadows, leading to reader device is difficult to the reading and bring considerable difficulties to the decoding. Therefore, how to make appropriate denoising and correction to the collected images has become a key issue in the identification of two-dimensional code [1].
The research of this paper is the generation and recognition of two-dimensional code. In the two-dimensional code system, there are two parts: two-dimensional code generation system and two-dimensional code recognition system. The generating system completes the function of the input data to generate the corresponding two-dimensional code, and the system completes the function of decoding and restoring the information carried by the collected two-dimensional code symbol. At the end of the paper, the whole design system is also tested, and the safe use of the two-dimensional code is proposed.
  Key Words: Two dimensional bar code;Encoding print ;the generation of two-dimensional code; the recognition of two-dimensional code

 

 

 


目录
1绪论 1
1.1二维码的特点及研究意义 1
1.2二维码在国内外的应用及普及 1
1.3 本课题的研究内容 5
2 几种常见二维码 7
2.1 QR code码简介 7
2.2 PDH417码简介 8
2.3 Data Matrix码简介 10
3 二维码系统研究实现 13
3.1 二维码系统的框架设计 13
3.2 二维码的生成研究 15
3.2.1数据解码 15
3.2.2 纠错解码 16
3.2.3 构造最终数据信息 20
3.2.4 掩摸 20
3.3 二维码生成实现 22
3.3 二维码的识别研究 25
3.3.1 图像的二值化处理 25
3.3.2 图形的定位扫描 26
3.3.3 译码 27
3.5 二维码识别实现 27
4 二维码生成识别测试 32
4.1 生成二维码测试 32
4.1.1 字母信息的生成测试 32
4.1.2 数字信息的生成测试 33
4.1.3 汉字信息的生成测试 34
4.1.4字符信息的生成测试 35
4.2扫描二维码测试 36
4.2.1字母信息的解析. 36
4.2.2数字信息的解析 37
4.2.3汉字信息解析 38
4.2.4字符信息的解析 39
4.3结果分析 40
5 二维码的安全运用 41
6 总结与展望 42
参考文献 43

致谢
感谢我的论文指导老师,对我进行了无私的指导和帮助,不厌其烦的帮助进行论文的修改和改进。
感谢全体理学院的老师,我能做出这个项目,和您们四年来给我灌输的各种理论知识是分不开的。
感谢我同组的队友,在和你们的交流与讨论中,我才能发现自己的不足,并且不断进步。你们不畏困难,勇于求知的品德给我留下了深刻的印象。
感谢这篇论文所涉及到的各位学者。如果没有各位学者的研究成果的帮助和启发,我将很难完成本篇论文的写作。

 

 


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