ZH1135机体三面半精镗组合机床总体及左主轴箱设计 车床与机械加工
Lathes
车床
Lathes are machine tools designed primarily to do turning, facing, and boring. Very little turning is done on other types of machine tools, and none can do it with equal facility. Because lathes also can do drilling and reaming,their versatility permits several operations to be done with a single setup of the workpiece. Consequently, more lathes of various types are used in manufacturing than any other machine tool.
车床主要是为了进行车外圆、车端面和镗孔等项工作而设计的机床。车削很少在其他种类的机床上进行，而且任何一种其他机床都不能像车床那样方便地进行车削加工。由于车床还可以用来钻孔和铰孔，车床的多功能性可以使工件在一次安装中完成几种加工。因此，在生产中使用的各种车床比任何其他种类的机床都多。
The essential components of a lathe are the bed, hea外圆磨床和无心磨床是用来磨削圆柱形工件或者圆锥形工件的。因此，花键轴、轴和其他类似的零件是采用普通的外圆磨床，或者采用无心磨床进行加工的。
Thread grinders are used for grinding precision threads for thread gages, and threads on precision parts where the concentricity between the diameter of the shaft and the pitch diameter of the thread must be held to close tolerances.
螺纹磨床用来磨削螺纹量规上的精密螺纹和用来磨削螺纹的中径与轴的同心度公差很小的精密零件上的螺纹。
The internal grinders are used for grinding of precision holes, cylinder bores, and similar operations where bores of all kinds are to be finished.
内圆磨床用来磨削精密的孔、汽缸孔以及各种类似的，需要进行精加工的孔。
The surface grinders are for finishing all kinds of fiat work, or work with plain surfaces which may be operated upon either by the edge of a wheel or by the face of a grinding wheel. These machines may have reciprocating or rotating tables.
平面磨床用来对各种平面工件，或者带有平面的工件进行精加工。可以采用砂轮的边或者砂轮的端面进行磨削。这类机床上装有往复式工作台或者回转式
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