汽车径向颗粒捕集器的结构设计与建模
摘要：伴随着汽车产业的迅速发展，尾气颗粒物排放进入大气造成了比较严重的环境污染，威胁着地球环境生态平
衡和人类健康，尾气颗粒物的收集问题也是制约着内燃机汽车发展的关键因素之一。为解决汽车尾气对环境的影响，颗粒捕集器（Diesel Particulate Filter，DPF）顺应需求而诞生，它是一种能够提高汽车尾气品质的废气净化系统，该系统的特点是：可以显著提高汽车尾气品质，排气更干净，降低有害气体含量。DPF 可以减少废气中的有害物质，从而使废气排放降低。一般由氧化催化器和颗粒捕集器两部分组成，这些被捕获的颗粒会在汽车运行时被烧掉，从而使引擎的碳烟排量降低了 90%。但是目前关于 DPF 的研究主要集中在再生技术、快速积灰研究和低温失效等方面，对于径向式 DFP 的颗粒捕集性能有待进一步揭示和优化，而 DPF 的结构设计是决定其性能优劣的重要因素，亟待通过设计计算和三维建模手段实现。基于以上问题，本文汽车径向对称隔板式颗粒捕集器的进排气管、分流器、过滤体的结构尺寸进行了详细的设计计算，建立了汽车径向颗粒捕集器的三维物理模型，并在此模型的基础上对 DPF 的安装形式进行了讨论。
关键词：颗粒捕集器；汽车控制排放技术；分流器；设计建模；颗粒捕集再生
Structural Design and Modeling on Radial Diesel Particulate Filter
Abstract: With the rapid development of the automobile industry, exhaust particulate matter emissions into the atmosphere have caused relatively serious environmental pollution, threatening the ecological balance of the earth's environment and human health, and the collection of exhaust particulate matter is also one of the key factors restricting the development of internal combustion engine vehicles. In order to solve the impact of automobile exhaust on the environment, the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) was born in response to the demand, which is an exhaust gas purification system that can improve the quality of automobile exhaust, which is characterized by: it can significantly improve the quality of automobile exhaust, cleaner exhaust, and reduce harmful gas content. DPF can reduce harmful substances in the exhaust gas, thus reducing the exhaust emissions. It is generally composed of two parts, an oxidation catalytic converter and a particle trap, and these captured particles will be burned away when the car is running, thereby reducing the soot emission of the engine by 90%. However, the current research on DPF mainly focuses on regeneration technology, rapid ash accumulation research and low temperature failure, and the particle capture performance of radial DFP needs to be further revealed and optimized, and the structural design of DPF is an important factor determining its performance, which needs to be realized by design calculation and three-dimensional modeling. Based on the above problems, the structural dimensions of the intake and exhaust pipes, diverters and filter bodies of the automotive radial symmetrical separator particle trap are designed and calculated in detail, and a three-dimensional physical model of the automotive radial particle trap is established, and the installation form of DPF is discussed on the basis of this model.
Keywords: Diesel particulate filter; Automotive emission control technology; Current diverter; Design modeling; Particle capture and regeneration
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目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究来源 1
1.2 研究背景及意义 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
1.3.1 颗粒捕集器的结构设计 2
1.3.2 颗粒捕集器的安装形式 3
1.3.3 颗粒捕集器的性能研究 4
1.3.4 汽车颗粒的捕捉技术 5
1.3.5 现有研究总结 6
1.4 本文的主要研究内容 7
第二章 径向式 DPF 结构设计 8
2.1 发动机总体设计 8
2.2 滤芯尺寸的设定 8
2.3 加热器的设计 9
2.4 内衬及调节阀门的选择 9
第三章 径向式 DPF 模型建立 11
3.1 进排气管建模 11
3.2 对称式导流板建模 12
3.3 径向对称隔板式 DPF 模型建立 13
3.4 结果分析 14
第四章 径向式 DPF 安装形式 15
4.1 下置前排式 15
4.2 侧置上排式 16
4.3 下置后排式 16
4.4 压缩上排式 17
第五章 总结与展望 19
5.1 研究总结 19
5.1 研究展望 19
致 谢 21
参考文献 22
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