钻机齿轮轴热处理工艺设计
摘要：通过对GXY-2钻机齿轮轴的工作条件的分析，提出工艺要求并且选定材料为20CrMnTi钢，20CrMnTi钢最常用的就是用于作汽车齿轮、齿轮轴等，其基本工艺为：设计下料→锻造成形→等温正火→切削加工→渗碳、淬火+低温回火→喷丸→磨削加工→检验处理，一般可以作到回火后硬度HRC=56～64，通常控制在中间范围．淬火时，通常450℃～500℃预热，强渗区温度在880℃～900℃左右的样子，淬火区可以降到850℃以下淬火，油温稳定在70℃。经过这一系列的工艺流程，最终可得到满足工艺要求的GXY-2钻机齿轮轴。
本文主要论述合金钢20CrMnTi的工艺性能，以及在齿轮轴工艺中的特殊热处理性能，通过本次毕业设计的写作，对热处理有了一定的了解，为以后的工作打下了良好的基础。
关键词：20CrMnTi；齿轮轴；合金钢；热处理工艺
目录
1引言·············································3
2齿轮轴的热处理工艺设计···························6
2.1齿轮轴原材料的选择······································6
2.1.1 满足齿轮轴材料的机械力学性能·····························6
2.1.2 满足齿轮轴的工艺性能·····································7
2.1.3 满足齿轮轴的经济性要求···································7
2.2 齿轮轴的服役条件分析与性能要求··························7
2.2.1 服役条件、失效形式·······································7
2.2.2 主要性能要求·············································8
2.3 齿轮轴材料的选择········································8
2.4 齿轮轴材料的分析········································9
2.5 齿轮轴中合金元素的作用·································9
2.5.1 合金元素在钢中的存在形式·································9
2.5.2 合金元素对组织转变的影响································10
2.5.3 合金元素对力学性能的影响································10
2.6 热处理工艺设计·········································11
2.7 齿轮轴的预备热处理·····································12
2.7.1 正火工艺设计············································12
2.7.1.1 正火加热保温时间················································14
2.7.1.2正火的目的·······················································14
2.7.2 调质····················································16
2.8 渗碳处理工艺···········································17
2.8.1 钢的化学成分············································17
2.8.2 渗碳工艺················································17
2.8.3 淬火····················································19
2.8.4 20CrMnTi齿轮轴的磨削加工·································20
2.8.5 渗碳淬火后的金相组织····································20
2.8.6 低温回火················································22
2.9 喷丸处理···············································24
2.10 20CrMnTi钢热处理工艺曲线·····························24
2.11 各热处理工艺后的金相组织分析··························25
2.12 热处理工艺过程中的质量检验项目························27
2.12.1渗碳淬火后齿轮轴的检验项目。内容和要求···················28
2.12.2 齿轮轴渗碳的常见缺陷及防护措施·························29
3 齿轮轴热处理工艺卡片···························31
4 小结···········································35
5 参考文献·······································36
参考文献
[1] 热处理手册编委会.热处理手册：第三版.第二卷 典型零件热处理[ M]·北京：机械工业出版社，2001，7.
[2] 潘健生，胡明娟 ；热处理工艺学，高等教育出版社，2009.(1).
[3] 王忠诚，齐宝森，李杨；典型零件热处理技术，化学工业出版社，2010.(7).
[4] 张建华，汤志强，张政民；简明热处理手册，北京出版社，1985.(1).
[5] 李泉华. 热处理技术400 问解析[M] . 北京: 机械工业出版社,2005.
[6] 王静平. 铁合金中总碳量准确测定的分析探讨[J] . 山西化工,2002.(5).
[7] 王 静. 影响淬火变形因素的实验分析[J] . 胜利油田职工大学学报,2007.(2).
[8] 徐天祥，等.热处理实用技术手册[M]南京：江苏科学技术出版社，2001.
[9] 胡明娟，潘健生，热处理工艺讲义.上海交通大学内部资料,1983.
[10] 职业技能鉴定指导中心.高级热处理工技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
http://www.bysj360.com/ http://www.bysj360.com/html/5215.html http://www.bysj360.com/html/5215.html
