安庆方片糕酸价调控技术研究

安庆方片糕酸价调控技术研究

安庆方片糕酸价调控技术研究

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安庆方片糕酸价调控技术研究


安庆方片糕酸价调控技术研究

摘  要

 安庆方片糕选料讲究,做工精细,主要原料采用安庆怀宁本地出产的优质糯米,佐以精细白糖、麻油、桔饼、核桃仁、红绿丝,经过精炒、细磨、润潮、清蒸、切片等多道工序精制成。该产品外观洁白,质地柔软,香甜适度,酥松可口,营养丰富。当地群众将怀宁贡糕视为吉庆的象征,每逢佳节喜庆,互相馈赠,以示糕(高)为糕(高)取之吉祥寓意。在化学中,酸价(或称中和值、酸值、酸度)表示中和1克化学物质所需的氢氧化钾(KOH)的毫克数 。对化合物(例如脂肪酸)或混合物中游离羧酸基团数量的一个计量标准。而在糕点食品中的油脂在加工、贮藏和流通过程中,在热、水分、金属及微生物或酶的作用下,油脂就会发生水解,释放出游离脂肪酸,油脂中游离脂肪酸含量的增加将引起油脂烟点和表面张力降低,导致糕点食品稳定性下降。从而影响口味及其外观。酸价和过氧化值是评价糕点食品品质的重要指标,本课题以安庆方片糕为研究对象,在探讨研究国标中脱溶温度与脱溶时间的基础上,用微波萃取提油法对标准中糕点食品前处理进行改进性研究,探讨微波萃取的最佳功率和时间等工艺条件,同时比较索氏抽提脱溶法与减压脱溶法的差异,研究索氏抽提脱溶法的可行性,以及探讨提油方法、脱溶温度、取样量等因素对测定酸价、过氧化值的影响。实验结果表明,以石油醚作萃取溶剂时,用国标法测定糕点食品中酸价和过氧化值的最佳温度为50℃,最佳脱溶时间为30min;微波萃取脱溶法能够替代国标法中的浸泡法,且有明显优势,得到的最佳工艺条件为:萃取时间10min,萃取功率455W;索氏抽提法能替代国标中的减压脱溶法,但脱溶时间较长,且不易脱净溶剂;酸价和过氧化值均与脱溶温度有关,其精度随取样量的增加而提高。实验过程各处理步骤中,酸价和过氧化值均未超过国家食用植物油卫生标准规定(油酸价<4mg/g,过氧化值<39.4mmol/kg)。


关键词: 糕点;微波萃取;酸价;过氧化值;


Abstract

Anqing cake cake selection is exquisite, fine workmanship, the main raw materials are high quality glutinous rice produced in Huaining, Anqing, with fine white sugar, sesame oil, orange cake, walnut kernel and red and green silk. It is refined through fine frying, fine grinding, moistening, steaming, slicing and so on. The product is white and soft, sweet and mild, crisp and tasty and rich in nutrients. The local people regard Huaining tribute cake as a symbol of auspiciousness. They celebrate each other's festive season and give each other a token of their luck. In chemistry, acid value (or neutralization value, acid value, acidity) indicates the milligram number of potassium hydroxide (KOH) required for neutralizing 1 grams of chemicals. A measurement standard for the number of free carboxylic groups in compounds (e.g. fatty acids) or mixtures. In the process of processing, storage and circulation of pastry food, the oil will hydrolyze under the action of heat, water, metal, microorganism or enzyme. The increase of the free fatty acid content in the oil will cause the decrease of the oil smoke point and the surface tension, which leads to the decline of the stability of the pastry food. . It affects the taste and its appearance. The value of acid value and peroxide value is an important index to evaluate the quality of pastry food. This subject takes Anqing Fang cake as the research object. On the basis of discussing the dissolving temperature and dissolving time in the national standard, the microwave extraction and oil extraction method is used to improve the pre treatment of pastry food in the standard. The optimum power and time of microwave extraction are discussed. At the same time, the difference between Soxhlet extraction and depressurization and depressurization is compared, and the feasibility of Soxhlet extraction and dissolving method is studied, and the influence of oil extraction method, dissolving temperature and sampling amount on the determination of acid value and peroxide value is also discussed. The experimental results show that the optimum temperature for the determination of acid value and peroxide value in pastry food with petroleum ether as extraction solvent is 50 C, the best dissolving time is 30min, and the microwave extraction method can replace the soaking method in the national standard method, and it has obvious advantages. The optimum process condition is 10min, The extraction power of 455W; Soxhlet extraction can replace the depressure and desorption in the national standard, but the dissolution time is longer, and it is not easy to remove the solvent. The acid value and peroxide value are all related to the dissolving temperature, and the accuracy increases with the increase of the sampling quantity. In the process of treatment, both the acid value and the peroxide value did not exceed the national hygienic standard for edible vegetable oil (<4mg/g of oleic acid, <39.4mmol/kg of peroxide value).


Keywords: pastry; microwave extraction; acid value; peroxide value;

 

 

 

 

目  录

1 引言 1
1.1 本课题的研究意义 1
1.1.1 研究背景 1
    1.1.2 研究目的和意义 2
1.2 国内外相关技术研究现状 2
1.2.1 酸价 3
1.2.2 过氧化值 4
1.3 本课题研究的内容 5
2 材料与方法 6
2.1 实验材料及试剂 6
2.2 主要实验仪器 6
2.3 主要实验方法 7
    2.3.1 实验方法 7
       2.3.2 研究内容 8
3 结果与讨论 9
3.1 原材料的部分理化指标 9
   3.2 常规法测定糕点酸价和过氧化值的研究 11
3.2. 1不同浸提溶剂对酸价和过氧化值的影响...........................................11
3.2.2 取样量对糕点酸价和过氧化值的影响 12
3.2.3 减压脱溶温度对糕点酸价和过氧化值的影响 13
3.2.4 常压脱溶温度对糕点酸价和过氧化值的影响 14
3.2.5 脱溶时间对酸价和过氧化值的影响 15
3.3 糕点提取方法对酸价和过氧化值测定的影响 16
3.3.1 微波萃取条件对提油率的影响 17
3.3.2 微波萃取条件对酸价的影响 18
3.3.3 微波萃取条件对过氧化值的影响 19
3.4 糕点过氧化值、酸价测定方法的比较 21
3.4.1 微波萃取法与国标法比较 21
       3.4.2 不同前处理方法的对比研究  11
 结  论 22
 致  谢 23
 参 考 文 献..............................................................................................................24
    参考文献

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  • 关键词 安庆 方片糕 酸价 调控 技术 研究
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