青海高原属兔危害调查研究---以青海省玛多县为例
摘要
鼠兔类对林业的为害主要表现在盗食直播树籽,啃食幼苗或幼树 树皮、嫩枝、嫩芽、树根等,使树木出苗率及成活率大大降低,严重影响采伐迹地人工造林的质量,减缓森林的更新速度。高原鼠兔为青海高原独有鼠种,本文针对森林鼠、兔害防治工作的长期性和艰巨性,对青海高原玛多县森林鼠、兔害开展了全面调查,并对各项综合防治措施及其效果进行了分析,从高原鼠兔的分类、生理方面、生态方面及对草地的利与弊方面进行了论述,为进一步研究高原鼠兔提供一些理论依据。以总结和积累有效的防治经验和方法为目的,为今后全面治理森林鼠、兔害打下基础。
关键词 森林鼠害;发生情况;综合防治;效果分析
The damage of Pika and rabbit to forestry is mainly manifested in stealing direct seeding seeds, gnawing on seedlings or bark, twigs, buds and roots of young trees, which greatly reduces the emergence rate and survival rate of trees, seriously affects the quality of artificial afforestation in logging land and slows down the speed of forest renewal. The Plateau Pika is a unique rat species in Qinghai plateau. In view of the long-term and arduous nature of the prevention and control of Forest Rat and rabbit damage, a comprehensive investigation of Forest Rat and rabbit damage was carried out in Maduo County of Qinghai plateau, and various comprehensive control measures and their effects were analyzed. The classification, physiological and ecological aspects of Plateau Pika and its advantages and disadvantages on grassland were discussed in order to further improve the prevention and control of Forest Rat and rabbit damage. To provide some theoretical basis for the study of Plateau pika. In order to sum up and accumulate effective control experience and methods, lay a foundation for comprehensive control of forest rats and rabbits in the future.
Key words Forest rodent damage; Occurrence situation; Comprehensive control; Effect analysis
目录
前言 1
1 青海高原玛多县鼠害、兔害发生情况 2
1.1 地上危害型 2
1.2 地下危害型 3
2 危害程度及发生面积 3
2.1 在不同地类上鼠、兔发生面积及危害程度 3
2.2 不同种类的鼠、兔害发生面积及危害情况 3
2.2.1 鼢鼠。 3
2.2.2 鼠兔。 3
2.2.3 根田鼠、松田鼠。 3
2.2.4 高原兔、草兔。 4
2.2.5 大林姬鼠。 4
2.2.6 阿拉善黄鼠。 4
3 防治情况及主要防治措施 4
3.1 物理防治措施 4
3.2 化学、生物药剂防治措施 4
3.3 天敌控制措施 4
3.4 营林技术措施 5
4 效果分析及评价 5
4.1 物理机械防治效果分析及评价 5
4.2 化学、生物药剂防治效果分析及评价 5
4.3 营林技术、天敌控制措施效果分析及评价 6
参考文献 6
参考文献
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