汽油机排放净化技术的发展趋势
摘要：随着时代的进步，经济的不断发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，汽车变得越来越普遍了，但是汽车排放出来的污染物却没有得到有效控制，导致我们赖以生存的环境变得越来越差，因此，汽车排放净化技术也应运而生，本篇论文通过对CO、HC、NOx等主要污染物的研究，来试着总结出汽车排放的污染物的生成途径与相对应的解决技术，并试着推测一下未来汽油机排放净化技术的发展趋势。
关键词：污染物；汽油机；危害；机理；技术
Development trend of gasoline engine emission purification technology
Abstract: with the progress of the times, the continuous development of the economy, people's living standard continues to improve, the car is becoming more and more common, but out of the vehicle emission has not been effectively controlled, leading to the survival of our environment becomes worse. Therefore, automobile exhaust purification technology has emerged, this paper through the study of the main pollutants CO, HC, NOx etc., and try to summarize the formation path of vehicle emission and the corresponding solutions, and try to speculate on the future development trend of gasoline engine emission purification technology.
Key words: pollutants;gasoline engine; harm; mechanism; technology
绪论
随着汽车工业的快速发展，汽车的数量正在迅速增加。由于汽车总量的增长，环保也带来了巨大的压力。特别是汽油发动机排放的有害污染物对大气环境造成了非常严重的危害，为了保护我们赖以生存的环境，那么我们就必须减少污染物排放的数量，因此对于汽车排放的有害气体的净化技术响应而生。
本篇论文首先介绍汽车的发展历程，接下来，也是最重要的就是通过对汽车排放出来的CO、HC、NOx等主要污染物的研究，总结现在的污染物净化技术，并试着分析净化技术的未来的发展趋势。
目录
前言
绪论
第一章 汽车的发展历程·····················1
1.1美国人发明了汽车····················1
1.2法国人以科技推动汽车··················2
1.3英国人以精心制作汽车··················2
1.4日本人以野心创新汽车··················2
1.5韩国人以雄心追赶汽车··················3
1.6汽车在中国的发展····················3
第二章发动机排放污染物的现状·················3
第三章发动机排放污染物的危害·················3
3.1一氧化碳························4
3.2碳氢化合物（HC）····················4
3.3氮氧化物（NOx）·····················4
3.4光化学烟雾·······················5
3.5微粒··························6
第四章发动机排放污染物生成机理················6
4.1一氧化碳的生成机理···················6
4.2碳氢化合物的生成机理··················7
4.2.1冷激效应·····················7
4.2.2油膜和沉积物吸附·················8
4.2.3火焰淬熄·····················8
4.2.4未燃碳氢化合物的氧化···············8
4.3氮氧化合物的生成机理··················9
4.4微粒的生成机理·····················9
4.5光化学烟雾的生成机理··················10
第五章影响汽油机有害排放物生成的因素·············10
5.1混合气成分···················10
5.2点火正时····················10
5.3负荷······················11
5.4转速······················11
5.5工况······················11
5.6废气再循环率··················12
第六章汽油机有害排放物的净化技术及发展趋势······12
6.1机内净化技术··················12
6.1.1废气再循环装置EGR············12
6.1.2改进发动机设计··············13
6.1.3电子控制燃油喷射系统···········15
6.1.4提高燃油品质···············16
6.2机外净化技术··················16
6.2.1曲轴箱强制通风系统············16
6.2.2燃油蒸发控制系统·············16
6.2.3三元催化转化器（简称TWC）········17
6.3发展趋势····················17
第七章总结与致谢···················17
参考文献························18
参考文献
（1）吴建华 汽车发动机原理（第2版） 北京 机械工业出版社 Z 2013
（2）曲金玉 任国军 汽车文化（第2版） 北京 机械工业出版社 Z 2013
（3）黄捷 汽车技术基础（发动机部分） 北京 人民邮电出版社 Z 2014
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