论中国廉价劳动力在国际贸易中的优劣势
摘要：中国被经济学家定义为劳动密集型产业国家，在经济全球一体化的今天，中国已然成为了世界制造业的中心。长期以来，劳动力都是国际竞争中的重要资源之一，廉价的劳动力使我国的生产业不断发展，但随着社会的发展，科技的进步，我国廉价的劳动力正逐渐失去它的优势。因此这篇文章分析了我国廉价劳动力的优势及劣势，以此为出发点，针对这一现象提出解决策略。
关键字：中国廉价劳动力；国际贸易；优劣势
A Study on the Advantages and Disadvantages of China’s Cheap Labor Force in International Trade
Abstract：China is defined as a labor-intensive industrial country by economists. With the globalization of economy, China has become the center of manufacturing industry in the world. For a long time, labor force is one of the most important resources in international competition. Cheap labor force makes our country’s production industry continuously develop. However, with the development of society and the progress of science and technology, China’s cheap labor force is gradually losing its advantages. Therefore, this article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of cheap labor force in China, and take this as a starting point to propose solutions to this phenomenon.
Key words: China's cheap labor force; international trade; advantages and disadvantages
Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Evaluation on the Advantages of China’s Low-cost Labor Force in International Trade. 2
2.1 Labor resources are abundant and easy to develop productive forces. 2
2.2 Cheap labor reduces the manufacturing cost of products and improves the competitive advantage 3
2.3 Facilitating the Export Expansion of Labor-intensive Products in China 3
3. The Disadvantage of China's Cheap Labor Force in International Trade 4
3.1 The quality of cheap labor force is generally low, and the quality structure is unreasonable. 4
3.2 Low-quality labor tendencies lead to underemployment. 5
3.3 Changes in Conditions at Home and Abroad 6
3.4 Additional environmental costs 7
3.5 Immiserizing Growth 8
4. Cause Analysis and Solution Strategies.....................................................................8
4.1 China lacks high-quality talents 9
4.2Encouraging Technological Innovation and Improving Core Competitiveness. 11
4.3Controlling Population Growth, Improving the Quality of Labor Force and Increasing Labor Productivity. 12
4.4 Strengthening the Construction of Economic Legal System 13
4.5 Aaccelerating the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. 13
5 Conclusion 13
1.Introduction
Abundant labor resources are the greatest comparative advantage for China to participate in international industrial division. In the global industrial chain, Chinese enterprises are only at the low end. At present, the comparative advantage available in China is cheap labor force and lack of deep competitive resources such as core technology.
China's labor resources are engaged in labor-intensive production activities with large market capacity in the international division of labor. The level of labor cost is the prerequisite for China to participate in international trade competition. As a developing country, China's advantages in participating in international competition include not only labor-intensive industries, but also in the labor-intensive production links of all industries.
2. Evaluation on the Advantages of China’s Low-cost Labor Force in International Trade.
China's abundant labor resources not only form the advantage of low-cost labor force, but also make our country have huge market potential. China’s dual advantages of labor cost and market potential play an extremely important role in international industrial division of labor.
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