商务英语信函中的语块研究
摘要：“语块”一词最初是由Becker和Bolinger于上个世纪70年代中期率先提出的,它是指英语中一种特殊的多词汇现象,介于传统的语法和词汇之间,通常是固定的,可预测的,因而便于学习者学习。近年来,随着语料库语言学的发展,人们发现语块在实际语言中大量存在。这一现象也引起了许多应用语言学家的关注。于是,人们开始重新审视语言,传统的以语法为中心的语言观受到以词汇为中心的语言观的挑战,经研究发现：语言主要由语块组成：语言是语法化的词汇而不是词汇化的语法；语言具有生成性；语言的流利程度取决于人脑中语块的存储量；人们可能以语块的形式习得语言。因此,他们认为：语块对于语言的学习具有极其重要的作用；语块教学应当贯穿于语言教学的始终。 自从我国加入世界贸易组织以来,与世界各国的经贸交流与合作日益扩大。商务英语信函,作为对外交流的主要方式之一,其质量高低在很大程度上影响着商务交易的成败。鉴于语块在语言学习得过程中所起的重要作用以及商务英语信函的实际应用价值,展开对商务英语信函中语块使用情况的研究就显得十分必要。
关键词： 语块、分类、商务英语信函
A Study of Lexical Chunks in Business English Letters
Abstract: The word "chunk" was first proposed by Becker and Bolinger in the mid-1970s. It refers to a special multi-word phenomenon in English, which is between traditional grammar and vocabulary. It is usually fixed and predictable, thus facilitating learners to learn. In recent years, with the development of corpus linguistics, it has been found that chunks are abundant in actual languages. This phenomenon has also attracted the attention of many applied linguists. As a result, people began to re-examine language. The traditional grammar-centered view of language was challenged by the vocabulary-centered view of language. After research, it was found that language mainly consists of chunks: language is grammaticalized vocabulary rather than lexicalized grammar.
Key words: chunk categorization business English letters
Contents
1 What is a chunk. 1
2 The Importance of Chunks in Business English Letters. 3
2.1 Differences Between Language and Non-language Communication Modes 3
2.2 Differences in Values 4
3 The benefits of proper use of chunks in letters. 6
3.1 Respect and Tolerate Different Cultures 6
3.2 Improve Language Skills and Use Language Flexibly 8
4 How to use lexical chunks correctly in letters. 12
5 Conclusion 14
1.What is a chunk
English chunks are not only the basic language unit of English, but also the basic unit and ideal unit of English learning. Chunk teaching is the key to improving learners' language authenticity and fluency. It is a holistic teaching which integrates vocabulary teaching, grammar teaching, and the theory on teaching. it is a comprehensive language ability of the learners to improve.
A chunk is a unit of memory organization. It consists of the central groups formed in memory and links them into larger units Vocabulary is a language unit that combines common vocabulary and has unique structure and stable meaning. The whole or slightly altered lexical phrases are extracted and used as lexical chunks. English chunk teaching is to attach importance to the important role of chunks in understanding, memorizing and using. Mastering lexical chunks and improving vocabulary and grammar learning ability are the "carriers" or "junctions".
Chunks is the basic unit of English learning. Besides using grammatical rules to generate sentences, the speaker also relies heavily on phrase chunks. The principle of free choice and the principle of idiom both play a role in language. The former refers to the choice according to grammatical rules, while the latter emphasizes that the speaker has a large number of prefabricated chunks when he constructs a language. Thus, chunk learning and acquisition are important parts of language learning that can not be ignored. At the same time, there are two ways of language learning: Gestalt and analytic learning based on words. The former emphasizes the wholeness of learning, referring to learning a complete prefabricated language in an appropriate context, that is, learning a language in chunks. On the one hand, The language learner learns the resistance of the structure to the knowledge, and the grammar rule is divided in the other side. Language users' brains can only process up to 810 words at a time, while native speakers can often speak complex sentences with more words fluently. This indicates that native speakers have a large number of larger chunks than words stored in their brains. one of the memory card, so as not to increase the burden of memory, the use of direct extraction of the can. Thus, chunk-based language learning has advantages both in language storage and output. Learning chunks as a whole not only saves the time of memory and output, but also avoids the grammatical, the development and use of the English language. the language of the basic unit, in accordance with the provisions of article to carry out temporary structure. however, for decades the basic vocabulary of language is considered to be lost. and the role of grammar is regulative and serves vocabulary. A chunk is a structure consisting of more than two consecutive or discontinuous words that are stored and used as a whole. Lexical chunks refer not only to continuous phrase structures like "as a resulf" but also to discontinuous sentence frameworks, such as "neither, nor." Vocabulary does not exist independently in language use, but appears in the form of lexical chunks. Language memory and storage, output and use are not based on a single river, fixed or fixed pattern drawing structure of human communication of the members. The traditional language of the grammar and vocabulary of words to be composed, the sample will not be.
一、选题简介、意义
. Vocabulary plays a very important role in language learning. As an important part of vocabulary, chunks play an important role in language learning. Whether you can write authentic business English letters depends on whether you have mastered the characteristics of the language. By analyzing the lexical chunks of business English letters, we can find that the language of business English letters has a high percentage of lexical chunks, which fully demonstrates that the language of business English letters has the characteristics of lexical chunks.
二、课题综述（课题研究，主要研究的内容，要解决的问题，预期目标，研究步骤，方法及措施等）
Under the background of economic globalization, business English is used more and more frequently in international trade. Business English correspondence is an important medium in business activities. The accuracy of English correspondence is of great importance to business communication. From the perspective of chunk language, this paper introduces the pragmatic theory of chunks in business English correspondence, and puts forward the concrete application of chunks in business English correspondence writing.
Research approach:
1. Choose an appropriate topic.
2. Collect relative data on the Internet, in the library and from the books I have studied.
3. Keep in touch with the instructor during the writing process and polish the drafts.
Research steps:
1. Thesis report Deadline: 11th, Mar.
2. Data collection and the first draft Deadline: 31st, Mar.
3. First draft modification Deadline: 12th, Apr.
4. Second draft modification and the final version Deadline: 17th, Apr.
Bibliography:
[1] 商务英语信函中的礼貌策略—阮雪—边疆经济与文化—2015年
[2]商务英语信函的礼貌策略研究—赵丹—论坛集萃—2011年
[3]论礼貌策略在商务英语信函中的应用—杨帆—哈尔滨职业技术学院学报—2013年
[4]商务英语信函写作中的礼貌策略探析—毛忠霞—湖南科技学院学报—2009年
[5]浅谈商务英语信函的礼貌策略—吴金凤—科技信息—2008年
三、设计（论文）体系、结构（大纲）
1.What is a chunk.
2. The Importance of Chunks in Business English Letters.
2.1 Differences Between Language and Non-language Communication Modes
2.2. Differences in Values
3 The benefits of proper use of chunks in letters
3.1The benefits of proper use of chunks in letters.
3.2 Improve Language Skills and Use Language Flexibly
4. How to use lexical chunks correctly in letters.
5.Conclusion
Bibliography
[1] 阮雪.商务英语信函中的礼貌策略[M] 边疆经济与文化.2015
[2] 赵丹.商务英语信函的礼貌策略研究[M] 论坛集萃.2011
[3] 杨帆.论礼貌策略在商务英语信函中的应用[M] 哈尔滨职业技术学院学报.2013
[4] 毛忠霞.商务英语信函写作中的礼貌策略探析[M] 湖南科技学院学报.2009
[5] 吴金凤.浅谈商务英语信函的礼貌策略[M] 科技信息.2008
