45钢拨叉类零件的铸造工艺设计
摘要：根据45钢拨叉零件的铸造工艺设计，通过分析它的结构特点、生产环境、工作条件、技术条件、生产批次和难点，确定了铸造方案。主要要介绍了45钢材料的选择、分型面、浇注位置和砂箱、砂芯设计、浇注系统设计和其他系统设计。从图纸出发，分型面的选择，砂芯的设计和选择，浇注位置的选择等。
首先构思，然后查阅数据，找出并计算相关数据。不仅外观形式正确，内部数据也正确。成分、缺陷、紧密度、精度、尺寸、重量、气密性和粗糙度的数据应在允许范围内，并与其他零件相匹配。无漏钢、热壁、浇注不充分、夹杂物、缩孔、缩孔、气孔、砂眼等缺陷。以满足图纸要求的各种指标。同时，为了使其能够批量生产，有必要考虑其生产成本、先进设备和劳动生产率。如果选定的工艺不符合要求，可能会出现铸造缺陷，生产率可能会降低，并且可能会出现不合格产品等问题。因此，本文还将介绍铸造过程中可能存在的缺陷及其预防知识，并需要加强控制，避免实际生产中的缺陷。
关键词： 铸件结构，分型面，铸造缺陷，铸造工艺。
Abstract:According to the casting process design of 45 steel fork parts, the casting scheme is determined by analyzing its structural characteristics, production environment, working conditions, technical conditions, production batches and difficulties. The selection of 45 steel materials, parting flour, pouring position and sand box, sand core design, pouring system design and other system design are mainly introduced. Starting from the drawings, the selection of parting flour, the design and selection of sand core, the selection of pouring position, etc. First conceive, then look up the data, find out and calculate the relevant data. Not only the appearance is correct, but also the internal data is correct. The data of composition, defect, tightness, precision, size, weight, air tightness and roughness shall be within the allowable range and matched with other parts. No defects such as steel leakage, hot wall, insufficient pouring, inclusion, shrinkage cavity, shrinkage cavity, air hole, sand hole, etc In order to meet the requirements of drawings of various indicators. At the same time, in order to enable mass production, it is necessary to consider its production cost, advanced equipment and labor productivity. If the selected process does not meet the requirements, casting defects may occur, productivity may decrease, and problems such as unqualified products may occur. Therefore, this article will also introduce the possible defects in the casting process and their prevention knowledge, and need to strengthen control to avoid defects in actual production.
Key words: casting structure, parting flour, casting defects, casting process.
目录
一、零件的技术要求和结构分析 9
二、工艺方案分析与确定 9
2.1、铸造方法及铸型种类、型砂配方的确定。 9
2.2、浇注位置及分型面确定： 11
2.3、砂芯、活块的块数、形状和固定 16
三、确定工艺数据 18
3.1、工艺参数的选择 18
3.2、芯头结构和具体数据 20
3.3、初步制订合箱面及确定砂箱尺寸 21
3.4确定浇注系统及各个结构尺寸 22
四、预计生产该铸件可能产生的缺陷及防止措施 26
4.1气孔 26
4.2缩孔、缩松 27
4.3 夹砂 27
4.4热裂 27
4.5粘砂 27
4.6多肉 27
4.7浇不足 28
五、结论 29
参考文献 30
参考文献
［1］中国机械工程学会铸造分会.铸造手册：第5卷铸造工艺［M］.2版.北京：机械工业出版社，2005.
［2］铸钢件生产指南/于家茂，薛修治，金广明编。［M］-北京：化学工业出版社，2008.2
［3］铸造手册.第5卷，铸造工艺/李新亚主编；中国机械工程学会铸造分会组编［M］.-3版.-北京：机械工业出版社，2011.5（2014.1重印）
