不锈钢 ZG15Cr12底罩铸造工艺设计
摘要：本人的毕业设计课题为：底罩铸造工艺设计。依据课题的研究方向，铸造的方式我采用的是砂型铸
造，底罩的材料选择为铸造不锈钢 ZG15Cr12。为防止铸件在生产过程中产生铸造缺陷，需要对铸件结构、
铸造工艺、浇注条件等各有可能出现的缺陷方面进行考虑。本文完成的工作包含底罩结构及工艺性分析，
确定砂型材料、砂型制造方案，对分型面、浇注位置进行多种方案对比分析。如何挑选出最简洁省力的浇
注系统使其更方便地进行操作和后续一系列的加工。并对砂箱及模板设计进行了详细设计以达到铸件能顺
利生产的基本条件。通过对不锈钢 ZG15Cr12 底罩铸造工艺设计使我熟悉各种国标各种牌号。提高看图认图
和解决生产过程中现实存在的种种生产问题。
关键词：铸件；砂型铸造；冒口；浇注系统
Foundry technology design of bottom cover
Abstract：My graduation project topic is: the bottom cover casting craft design. According to the research
direction of the topic, the way of casting I use is sand casting, the material of the bottom cover is casting stainless
steel ZG15Cr12. In order to prevent casting defects in the production process, the casting structure, casting process,
pouring conditions and other possible defects should be considered. The work completed in this paper includes the
analysis of the structure and technology of the bottom cover, the determination of sand materials, sand mold
manufacturing program, the parting surface, pouring position of a variety of comparative analysis of the program.
How to select the most simple and labor-saving gating system to make it more convenient to operate and follow-up
a series of processing. And the sand box and the template design have carried on the detailed design in order to
achieve the basic condition which the casting can produce smoothly. Through to the stainless steel ZG15Cr12
bottom cover casting craft design causes me to be familiar with each kind of national standard each kind of brand.
Improve the ability to read drawings and solve practical problems in the production process.
Keywords: casting; sand casting; riser; gating system
目 录
摘要........................................................................................................................ 2
第 1 章 绪论.......................................................................................................... 5
第 2 章 底罩结构特点及技术要求...................................................................... 7
2.1 底罩的结构............................................................................................. 7
2.2 铸造工艺性分析...................................................................................... 7
2.3 铸造方法及砂型选择.............................................................................. 8
2.4 铸件材料成分及性能........................................................................... 9
第 3 章 底罩铸造工艺方案设计........................................................................ 10
3.1 浇注位置的选择................................................................................... 10
3.2 分型面的确定........................................................................................ 11
3.3 砂箱中铸件数目的确定....................................................................... 12
3.4 底罩砂型铸造工艺参数确定................................................................ 13
3.4.1 铸件尺寸公差选择.................................................................... 13
3.4.2 最小铸出孔及槽的选择............................................................ 14
3.4.3 机械加工余量的选择................................................................ 14
3.4.4 铸件收缩率................................................................................. 15
3.4.5 起模斜度..................................................................................... 16
第 4 章 浇注系统及冒口的设计...................................................................... 17
4.1 浇注系统类型选择........................................................................ 17
4.2 浇注时间与各浇道截面尺寸计算............................................... 18
4.3 浇口杯设计.................................................................................... 20
4.4 冒口的设计.................................................................................... 21
4.5 排气孔设置.................................................................................... 21
4.6 浇注系统的布置............................................................................ 21
第 5 章 模样与砂箱的设计.............................................................................. 22
5.1 模样设计................................................................................................ 23
5.2 砂箱........................................................................................................ 23
5.3 铸件的浇注与质量控制....................................................................... 23
致谢...................................................................................................................... 24
参考文献.............................................................................................................. 25
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