浅谈中国跨境电商的物流的困境及措施
摘要：随着电子商务的发展，跨境电商也随之出现并迅速崛起.跨境电子商务作为电子商务的重要分支，已成为中国企业拓展国际贸易不可或缺的平台。跨境物流也是伴随着跨境电商的发展而出现的，作为连接买卖双方的桥梁,它也是跨国交易的是否成功的决定性因素。与此同时，跨境交易在近几年也遭遇了前所未有的新困境.与国内物流相比，成本高，速度慢，退货难制约着跨境物流的发展.因此跨境物流相当落后，从而制约着跨境电商的发展。这文章就是基于跨境物流的发展情况，分析目前物流体系中的问题，并给出了相关的建议。
关键词：跨境电商; 跨境物流 ;困境
An analysis of logistical predicament and solutions of cross-border e-commerce in China
Abstract: With the development of e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce has emerged and risen quickly. As an important branch of e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce has become an indispensable platform for Chinese enterprises to expand their international business. Cross-border logistics is appeared by the development of cross-border logistics service serves as a bridge between buyers and sellers. It is also the determinants for the success of cross-border e-commerce. Meanwhile, Cross-border transaction logistics has faced unprecedented new difficulties during recent years. Compared with domestic logistics, the problems such as high cost, slow speed, difficult to return and other problems restrict the development of cross-border logistics .Therefore the development of cross-border logistics is quite slow, which restricts the development of cross-border e-commerce. On the basis of the development of cross-border logistics, this article analyzes the problems in the logistics system and gives some relevant suggestions.
Key words: Cross-border e-commerce; Cross-border logistics; Predicament
Contents
1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………….2
1.1 The concept of cross-border e-commerce and cross-border logistics………………….....2
1.1.1 The introduction of cross-border e-commerce…………………………….2 1.1.2 The introduction of cross-border logistics…………………………….……2
1.1.3 The relationship between cross-border e-commerce and cross-border
logistics...........................................................................................................2
1.2 Research background and significance…………………………………………3
2 Current situation and predicament of cross-border logistics………………………..4
2.1The development of cross-border logistics…………………………………….5
2.2The current situation of cross-border logistics………………………………...6
3 Cross-border logistics mode and solutions………………………….………………8
3.1 Common cross-border logistics mode………………………………………….8
3.1.1 International postal parcel…………………………………………………..8
3.1.2 International express………………………………………………………..9
3.1.3 Line logistics………………………………………………………………..9
3.1.4 Overseas warehouse……………………………………………………….10
3.1.5 Domestic express…………………………………………………………..10
3.1.6 The comparison of cross-border logistics…………………………………11
3.2 Some solutions to the development of cross-border e-commerce logistics…...11
3.2.1 The use of overseas warehouse………………………………………….12
3.2.2 Improve the logistics infrastructure……………………………………...14
3.2.3 Initiate the training of professional talents……………………………....14
3.2.4 Enhance the policy support of cross-border logistics…………………....15
4 Conclusions………………………………..……………………………………….15
1Introduction
1.1The concept of cross-border e-commerce and cross-border logistics
Under the trend of economic globalization, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises began the process of internationalization and participate in international trade. Cross-border e-commerce enterprises from different countries carry out commerce or trade through the internet platform. Cross-border logistics has grown up with the development of e-commerce. The effective application of cross-border logistics provides the guarantee for smooth completion of the cross-border transactions. It also plays an important role to obtain consumer recognition and improve customer satisfaction.
1.1.1 The introduction of cross-border e-commerce
Cross-border e-commerce is an advanced form of e-commerce. It refers to companies from different countries, both parties can realize online commodity, payment and settlement, financial services, etc., Offline cross-border logistics realized commodity space displacement of the electronic commerce application mode. It is widely regarded by the international community as a business model with electronic data exchange and online transaction as the main content. As an important branch of e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce has become an indispensable platform for Chinese enterprises to expand their international business.
1.1.2 The introduction of cross-border logistics
Cross-border logistics refers to between two or more than two countries for logistics services. Cross-border logistics is the international logistics. It means to transport goods from one country by sea or by air to another country or region. Small pieces of goods are generally transported by air, most of which do not require customs clearance. It can provide door to door service. Large products are usually shipped by sea, requiring documents and customs clearance. The speed is relatively slow, but the price is cheap. It is the main mode of transportation for cross-border logistics.
1.1.3 The relationship between cross-border e-commerce and cross-border logistics
Cross-border e-commerce is a new form of international trade. In contrast to traditional international trade, the transaction consultation, contract signing and international payment of cross-border e-commerce can be completed through the Internet and e-commerce platforms. However, the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer must be through the international logistics. The efficiency, accessibility and cost of logistics directly affect the terminal consumption experience. Therefore, logistics is an important factor in cross-border e-commerce transactions.
1.2 Research background and significance
With the further development of economic and trade globalization, cross-border e-commerce increasingly requires logistics companies to provide more efficient logistics services. Logistics serve as one of the core elements of cross-border e-commerce and is the key to support the development of cross-border e-commerce. Cross-border e-commerce provides enterprises with more overseas business opportunities, and the logistics market is also huge by its rapid development. Cross-border e-commerce in foreign countries, especially in the United States and other regions appeared early. The development of cross-border logistics in these countries is also faster and more advanced. However, compared with the efficient domestic logistics, the development of cross-border logistics is quite slow, which restricts the development of cross-border e-commerce.
The development of cross-border logistics in China is not mature. There are few third-party logistics companies providing professional logistics services for cross-border e-commerce. Cross-border e-commerce enterprises have neither combined with professional logistics operation nor explored the logistics operation mode applicable to cross-border e-commerce. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize and perfect the current cross-border logistics system in order to promote the sustainable development of e-commerce.
2 Current situation and predicament of cross-border logistics
2.1 The development and current of cross-border logistics
With the implementation of the free trade zone, the ‘The Belt and Road’ strategy and the cross-border e-commerce policy, many companies in China have started to enter the cross-border e-commerce industry. Cross-border e-commerce, as a new business model, has developed rapidly due to its few links, short period and low cost. In 2014, the transaction volume of cross-border e-commerce in China reached 4.2 trillion yuan. It was up 33% from the previous year. China's cross-border e-commerce export volume accounts for about 85.4% and imports account for about 14.6%, which is far higher than the value of imports. This shows that the effect of cross-border e-commerce on the export of goods is very obvious.
Cross-border e-commerce has become one of the hot spots in the market, and it is expected to maintain a high growth rate of over 30% over the next three years. In the operation of cross-border e-commerce, logistics becomes a crucial link. In this situation, Tmall Global?started cross-border trade in Business to Customer?mode. Jingdong mall's "overseas purchase" is officially launched. With the vigorous development of cross-border e-commerce, the corresponding cross-border logistics has also grown rapidly. DHL, FedEx, UPS and TNT, the four major international logistics delivery companies, undoubtedly occupy most of the cross-border logistics market. But in recent years, many companies in China have also started to undertake cross-border logistics services, such as International postal parcel.
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